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Experience the mystique of India’s Little Tibet in the Himalayas

Sitting in an audience with the Dalai Lama, we find life lessons and a slice of Tibetan Culture in India’s ‘Little Tibet’.

I’m sitting cross-legged inside a monastery, crammed shoulder to shoulder between a throng of Buddhist monks. It’s not just any monastery, though. Namgyal Monastery is the home temple of the Dalai Lama, who is due to arrive any minute now. Young monks swathed in sumac-coloured robes are making their way through the packed hall with enormous teapots of scalding-hot yak-butter tea (a thick, calorieladen drink that’s been a staple in Tibet since the 10th century), divvying it out among the masses.

Buddhist monks sitting together in Dharamshala
Buddhist monks gather in Dharamshala.

An enchanting spiritual melody

One monk leads in a mesmerising chant, a hypnotic melody that spellbinds the chamber. All around me, monks are swaying side to side, transforming the monastery floor into a gently oscillating sea of saffron and crimson robes. Then, there’s silence. A wave of reverence sweeps over the temple; heads bow and palms press together as one of the highest spiritual leaders in the world enters the space.

The town is a temporary home to many of the Tibetans settled in the picturesque hill station of Dharamshala-McLeod Ganj. Thousands of refugees, including the Dalai Lama, fled their occupied homelands and settled here, where the North Indian hillside begins to heave into the mighty mountains of the Himalayas.

monks walking along McLeod Ganj streets
Wander around the vibrant streets of McLeod Ganj.

The delights of Dharamshala

Nothing about Dharamshala feels transitory, though. The mountain town has a worn-in, cosy feel about it, like a pair of trusted leather boots. The streets are infused with the smell of cinnamon, cloves and star anise from chaiwalas (tea sellers) who preside over vats of steaming masala tea.

Plates of plump, succulent momos (a Tibetan bite-sized dumpling) are available on nearly every corner. The emerald pine forests surrounding the town are cleaved only by a winding serpentine road, leading up to the vibrant backpacker hubs of Dharamkot and Bhagsu.

a monk holding a pitcher of Yak-butter tea and pouring it into a glass
Yak-butter tea is a traditional Tibetan drink.

A shared cultural and religious heritage

The region draws in tourists from all over the world. Many come to witness Tibetan culture, hike among the beautiful surroundings, or get in touch with their inner yogi by flocking to one of the yoga and meditation schools peppered around the mountainside.Today, I’m trying out the latter.

I’m striking my very best warrior pose under the instruction of Omji, a renowned yogi and reiki master with a Cheshire cat’s grin, a booming laugh and messianic, gold-flecked eyes. We transition onto the floor, legs stretched in front of us, instructed to touch our fingertips to our toes. Mine can barely graze my knees.

“Sorry, I’m not very flexible," is all I have to say for myself, as I notice Omji’s eyes upon me. “I can see that," he replies, flashing his winning smile. At the end of our session, we gather in a circle and he pours each of us a fragrant cup of herbal tea. Omji speaks of the hundreds of travellers he teaches each year, many seeking self-knowledge or a deepening of the spirit.

Experiencing Dalai Lama’s teaching

Our class is simply the latest iteration of faces passing through – although we’re treated with the warmth and familiarity of old friends. One of the most prominent drawcards of the region is the spectacular trekking that it offers. It’s a few days later when I’ve decided to tackle the steep track up to the hill station of Triund, guided by my friend Abhijeet.

colourful prayer flags waving at Kalaczakra temple
Colourful prayer flags wave at Kalaczakra temple.

It doesn’t take long before the village falls away and the majesty of the mountains begins to reveal itself. We pass through misty waterfalls with streams of wind-battered prayer flags fluttering in the breeze. We hug the side of the trail as goat herders stride past us, their flock waddling in tow, the din of their clanging bells sounding out as they disappear into the distance.

scenic views from Triund hill station
Take in sweeping views from the hill station of Triund.

A journey to the Buddhist enclave

The verdant landscape feels airy and alive; as if you could feel the earth flexing against your soles as you step. The view from Triund is otherworldly. Or so I’ve been told. I can’t actually see any of it. Not only do the clouds suffocate all traces of a panorama, but a heavy rain descends upon us as we approach the lookout.

We hide out for an hour beneath the tarp of a chaiwala, chitchatting and dunking Parle-G biscuits into the sweet brew. Just as we’re about to cut our losses and make for a descent, the sun breaks through the clouds, spilling honeyed light into the valley.

The scenery comes into view like an apparition; the sun’s glow illuminating the creases and furrows embedded in the mountains around us. It draws the snow-capped peaks of the distant Dhauladhar ranges clearly into view. It doesn’t last, though. It’s a brief, blissful yawn from the heavens before they plunge back into a slate-grey slumber.

colourful flags waving outside Kalaczakra Temple
Kalaczakra Temple is a centre for pilgrimage in India.

A glimpse of the Tibetan culture

It’s nightfall by the time we return to Bhagsu and, by then, the cafes are alive with travellers and dreadlocked hippies strumming, drumming and jamming away between sips of canned beer. I stop by my favourite one, Welcome Cafe, for a warming plate of dahl and a nightcap of masala tea.

The most unique feature of the region is a rare opportunity to immerse oneself in Tibetan culture. Independent travel is prohibited in Tibet, so Dharamshala offers an opportunity for visitors to experience a slice of Tibet’s rich culture and religion outside of the Tibetan Plateau (also known as ‘the roof of the world’).

Admiring the mystical Namgyal Monastery

I encountered this richness wandering around Namgyal Monastery a few days earlier. The temple grounds are simple, save for one room gilded with statues of golden multi-limbed gods, set against a mighty mural of intricate bhavacakra (a form of mandala).

It’s a mesmerising kaleidoscope of vibrant colours and mythical creatures, representing the Tibetan ‘Wheel of Life’ and philosophy of reincarnation and cyclical existence. It’s a concept I’m eager to learn more about when I sit for an audience with the Dalai Lama himself.

golden prayer wheels inside Tsuglagkhang complex
Worshippers rely on prayer wheels to purify their karma.

As it turns out, I can’t understand anything the Dalai Lama is saying. I’ve missed the memo – I was supposed to bring a radio and headset to tune into the live translation of the teaching, which is spoken in the Dalai Lama’s native Tibetan. However, I do recognise one word the Dalai Lama keeps repeating throughout his talk – ahimsa. It’s an ancient Sanskrit word for the principle of non-violence toward all living beings.

I notice a flea bouncing across the carpet. An alarmed traveller in front of me raises her hand above it, wavering hesitantly. But before she can commit to the blow, a monk gently takes the tiny creature between his thumb and forefinger, plucks it from the ground and places it safely in a small pouch to be relocated later. I may not comprehend the Dalai Lama’s teachings, but I suspect the scene in front of me has taught me all I need to know.

Dalai Lama sitting on his throne at Namgyal Monastery
His Holiness the Dalai Lama at Namgyal Monastery.

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A Traveller’s Checklist

Getting there

The fastest way is to fly from Delhi to Kangra-Gaggal Airport, which takes just over an hour’s flight time. From there, it’s roughly another hour by taxi to Dharamshala-McLeod Ganj.

Staying there

Experience alpine luxury at the upscale Hyatt Regency Dharamshala Resort, where you’ll find yourself sequestered by lofty pine trees. A little way out of town, Mandara Tree Villa has some of the best mountain views in the region. Or experience local culture with a homestay such as Redeem Cafe & Homestay.

an exterior view of the Hyatt Regency Dharamshala Resort
Enjoy a taste of the high life at the Hyatt Regency Resort.

Playing there

Walk to the majestic Bhagsu Waterfall and sip on chai at the famous Shiva Cafe. Immerse yourself in Tibetan culture at the Tsuglagkhang Complex, which encompasses Tsuglagkhang temple, Namgyal Monastery and the Tibetan Museum.

a monk walking with his umbrella at Tsuglagkhang Complex
A monk walks outside Tsuglagkhang Complex.

Find your inner bliss at Tushita Meditation Centre, where you can take courses in meditation and Buddhist philosophy. For food, make a beeline for Tibet Kitchen in McLeod Ganj, which offers delicious and authentic Tibetan dishes that are guaranteed to warm your belly.

a close-up view of the Bhagsu Waterfall
Soak up a slice of mountain serenity at Bhagsu Waterfall.

Talking there

English is widely spoken in the region, but a simple thank you goes a long way. That’s dhanyavaad in Hindi, and thu-chi che in Tibetan.

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These community homestays are changing how travellers experience Nepal

    After youth-led protests in 2025, this year Nepal elected a 35-year-old former rapper as Prime Minister. In a country where tourism is its biggest industry, what’s next for travellers? 

    In 1986, Nepal changed its clock. It had used India Standard Time since 1920 so, to differentiate, it wound its clock 15 minutes ahead of, not behind, its big-brother neighbour. Boss move. “Nepal is strongly opposed to the idea that our identity is connected to India,” says Community Homestay Network (CHN) guide Bikal Khanal.  

    Tharu dance
    Tharu dance is traditionally set to hand drums. (Credit: Kate Lewis)

    Today, Nepal is the only independent country with a 45-minute deviation to universal time; an oddity that’s become a symbol of national pride. The quirk is nearly as endearing as Kathmandu’s Tribhuvan airport where carved varnished wood and shiny red bricks rule. One sign points to a ‘Travelator’ and another to a ‘Grievance Handling Desk’ while visas are noisily stamped at customs for US dollars, cash only. When am I?  

    Nepal gray langur
    Spot the endemic Nepal gray langur. (Credit: Simon Urwin)

    The 15 or 45 minute anomaly sees me tap out completely on timezone calculations. Why bend my brain calculating if it’s quarter to or quarter past elsewhere when I’m in the honking here and now of Kathmandu where the air is high-altitude crisp, the prayer flags flutter and the street dogs howl?  

    How tourism is changing in Nepal

    Bardiya National Park
    Bardiya National Park is rich with wildlife. (Credit: Simon Urwin)

    India is not the only association many Nepalis would like to shake. With eight of the world’s 10 tallest mountains, including Mount Everest and Annapurna, Nepal has long attracted mountaineers and trekkers, and expedition numbers are continuing to rise.  

    Tourism is one of the country’s biggest sources of foreign currency, so this growth is not negative, per se. But according to Ang Tshering Lama, who co-founded Phaplu Mountain Bike Club, being reduced to a mere trekking destination is limiting.  

    “Trekking is just one layer of our identity,” says Ang. “When it becomes the dominant narrative, it limits how we’re seen and how we see ourselves.” Nepal’s recent success, however, in diverting trekkers to less-trafficked areas such as Manaslu mofuntain, where visitor numbers rose by 117 per cent last year, offers hope that tourism can diversify even more radically.   

    Local men in Bhada village
    Local men in Bhada village. (Credit: Simon Urwin)

    The founder of CHN, Shiva Dhakal, wants that change. “The whole idea of the Community Homestay Network is to promote experiences outside of trekking,” he says. “Community tourism changes lives and helps kids stay home instead of coming to the city or migrating to the Middle East.”  

    Ang grew up seeing people leave, “not because they wanted to but because there weren’t enough opportunities to stay”, he states. Yet from remote villages to living traditions; food, art, music and emerging subcultures, “there’s so much that’s not being seen.” 

    CHN is opening some of those doors. It doesn’t own, or fund, any homes. Rather, it promotes homestays to travellers on a single, slick platform, while fostering entrepreneurship in places where women, marginalised castes, Indigenous people and the youth stand to benefit the most.  

    A new generation demanding more

    Dalla Town Hall
    Dalla Town Hall, where volunteers discuss anti-poaching tactics. (Credit: Bheem Thapa)

    The future prospects of next-gen Nepalis can no longer be ignored. On a Kathmandu tour with 33-year-old guide Monica K.C, we pass buildings torched in the September 2025 ‘Gen Z protests’, including the Supreme Court and Parliament House. Seventy-two people died. “They were anti-corruption protests,” says Monica. “Politicians’ children are living a lavish life but the airports are crowded with youngsters leaving to find work.”  

    We stop in ‘little Tibet’ at the wondrous sixth-century Boudha Stupa. “The wheel of life is Buddhism in a nutshell,” says Monica. “Things such as hate, ignorance and anger keep you rotating around the wheel, so you must follow the principles of Buddhism to detach. If you can’t, there’s no nirvana for you.”  

    Boudha Stupa's prayer wheels
    Boudha Stupa’s prayer wheels are used to recite Buddhist prayers. (Credit: Kate Lewis)

    In a sun-drenched twist to the usual temple visit, we ascend the stupa’s sloping plinth and roam its whitewashed dome. Tendrils of diaphanous prayer flags stream from a steeple-like structure where the Buddha’s unblinking eyes stare out. No nirvana for you… 

    bouda stupa prayer flags
    Tibetan-style prayer flags embellish the whitewashed dome of Bouda Stupa, a Buddhist temple. (Credit: Kate Hennessy)

    The dome is delightfully free of guard rails or chiding from security. There is, however, a stern ‘No TikTok’ sign, perhaps in response to the youth’s newly flexed power. The booted-out Prime Minister, K.P. Sharma Oli, was replaced in a resounding election victory in March by 35-year-old Balendra Shah of the Rastriya Swatantra Party (RSP) – a former rapper and mayor of Kathmandu. The RSP’s manifesto indicates tourism is a priority, and that Nepal’s cultural identity in areas such as gastronomy will be strengthened.  

    Boudha Stupa vendors
    Vibrant souvenir shops and cafes around Boudha Stupa. (Credit: Kate Hennessy)

    A more confronting stop awaits at Pashupatinath Temple. Today is Bala Chaturdashi, a Hindu festival where thousands of devotees gather to honour their dead ancestors. Vendors hauling foam mattresses do a lucrative trade as people set up for a night of vigil. This includes burning the bodies of recently deceased relatives on bamboo pyres in the Bagmati River, which flows into the sacred Ganges.  

    A woman at annual Hindu festival Bala Chaturdashi
    A woman at annual Hindu festival Bala Chaturdashi, in Kathmandu. (Credit: Kate Hennessy)

    Wrapped in a shroud, the bodies are positioned with their heads facing north to the Himalayas where Lord Shiva resides. They’re covered with flowers and straw and set alight by male family members.  

    Hours later, the ashes are swept into the river where devotees will take a holy dip the next day. As much as Monica assures us it’s not voyeuristic to watch, I struggle to do so. “Here you see the reality of life because everyone ends up there,” she says, gesturing to the river.  

    Life unfiltered in the Terai region

    tharu woman
    Tharu woman and master weaver Parbati Chaudhary in Bhada Village. (Credit: Bheem Thapa)

    The reality of life needs processing time, which the western Terai region delivers in spades. The Terai is largely separated from India by the Karnali River and Bardiya National Park, where elephants, rhinos and the elusive Bengal tiger roam.  

    Once a nomadic tribe, the Indigenous Tharu people are now the largest ethnic group here. “They didn’t know their daily life was interesting for international travellers but they’re starting to understand now,” says CHN founder Shiva.  

    safari through Bardiya National Park
    Take a Jeep safari through Bardiya National Park. (Credit: Bheem Thapa)

    We fly Buddha Air to Dhangadhi airport and drive five hours to stay in Tharu homes. The journey to Bhada village is a blur of roadside fruit stalls, traffic-stopping sacred cows and fields sown with wheat, rice, mustard, spinach, cauliflower and potatoes. Nepal’s agriculture feeds only Nepal.  

    Marigolds
    Marigolds are an important part of Hindu rituals. (Credit: Simon Urwin)

    “The only thing we export is young people,” says our guide Bikal. As the light dims and we plunge evermore rural, mysterious mounds of compacted hay – some house-sized – loom like the creatures from Where The Wild Things Are. Even our trusty driver gets flummoxed by a dirt road that abruptly ends and we find ourselves hurtling across a paddock.  

    On arrival, some are ferried to mud-walled cottages greened by gourd creepers, with thatched roofs and rustic-chic mosquito nets. Myself and two others are ushered to the home of corner store owner, mechanic and mushroom farmer Man Kumar Chilaruwa and his wife Rajkumari.  

    community homestay entrance
    A warm welcome at a community homestay. (Credit: Simon Urwin)

    They escort us to a bunker-esque back building with steel doors and a folding security gate, behind which is gleaming linoleum, dolphin-printed tiles and a shower cavity that must be gingerly stepped through to reach the toilet.  

    The ceiling lights emit a rainbow of colours (the bathroom light gets stuck in, frankly, a quite frightening red). We’re nevertheless touched that our hosts invested in all this bling when the average salary is around $275 a month.  

    In the coming days, we participate in Tharu traditions such as making moonshine, dancing, weaving straw handicrafts and gold-panning. We’re fed well with staples of rice, mustard greens, lentil pancakes, daal, curried chicken and tomato chutney served on antibacterial saal leaves.  

    food at community homestay
    Dig in. (Credit: Kate Hennessy)

    Sonara community homestay president Indradevi Tharu tells us river snails are often served, and the boiled and pickled flesh of rats hunted in the rice fields. “Perhaps next time?” we say and all have a laugh.  

    The power of community homestays 

    community homestay owners in Nepal
    Barda community homestay owners Parbati Chaudhary and Ram Krishni Devi Chaudhary. (Credit: Simon Urwin)

    Immersing Western visitors in foreign cultural practices is not new. But with the Tharu, I never get that uneasy sensation that I’m being performed for. Despite being the only tourists, there’s no ‘othering’; just warm, composed and ultra-dignified welcomes. Like we’ve always been here.  

    “I love to have travellers in my village so I can see the world,” says local woman Parbati Chaudhary. “Why would I travel the world when the world comes to me?” 

    The graceful acceptance the Tharu offer, as well as the slow pace, works miracles on my frazzled nervous system. One day I even take a nap on a vacant homestay bed. 

    Sonara community room
    An authentic stay in the Sonara community. (Credit: Kate Hennessy)

    Roosters strut and goats bray as we sit on the ground in al fresco kitchens, rolling rice flour into cylinders steamed to make dhikri (dumplings). When water is needed, we fetch it using a hand-operated pump as a family of ducks strolls by, side-eying us like curious neighbours.  

    Animal lovers will delight in Tharu villages. Kind and resourceful inventions are everywhere, such as snacking stations where two posts lean together, with leafy boughs dangling on rope for baby goats to forage from.  

    CHN’s CEO, Aayusha Prasain, nods knowingly when one in our group says she cried when she left her host, Shayam Chaudhary, in Bhada. Shayam’s 17-year-old son, Prashant, had translated, which deepened the connection.  

    “Community tourism turns travel into a relationship, not a transaction,” says Aayusha. “It places decision-making power in the hands of local communities, especially women and youth.” Since 2018, CHN has hosted more than 4000 travellers from 52 countries in 408 households, and estimates women’s participation has increased by 381 per cent.  

    Elephant watch
    Elephant watch. (Credit: Simon Urwin)

    In the Bardiya community, where vexing human-animal conflict has been a balancing act for decades due to elephants raiding crops, long-time homestay operator Salik Ram Chaudhary says young people keep the older ones on their toes.  

    Gathering greens
    Gathering greens. (Credit: Bheem Thapa)

    “We can’t keep homestays stagnant,” he says. “We have to upgrade our service and redefine our product or young people won’t see it as an attractive business. If we can keep evolving with this travelling trend we’re confident the youths will stay and continue it.” 

    Back in Kathmandu, Monica explains that after the deaths of young protestors in September, a determination had spread to not let their sacrifice be in vain. “We want to keep holding the government accountable,” she says. “We don’t know what situation we’re facing, but we’re ready to face it.”  

    Interested in Nepal but prefer to experience it in total comfort? Read our guide to luxury travel in Nepal